SPAD-Array Contention Signal and Noise Model Suitable for Multilevel Modulation Schemes With Signal Processing

The first signal model for a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD)-array communication receiver multilevel modulation schemes is reported. This paper proposes novel, generalised SPAD array and noise both digital analogue, synchronous asynchronous readout arrays, which includes the competition between input photons, dark counts after-pulsing counts. With this contention model, signals including variation after distortion or equalisation can be evaluated. Also, we report numerical investigation SPAD-based, high data rate, free space, visible light using higher order pulse amplitude (PAM) with matched filter, linear non-linear Volterra post-equalization. Simulations have been carried out to analyze compare bit error rate (BER) performances under variety of conditions. verified by comparison published experimental results.